(2015) Indigenous bacteria from the gut microbiota regulate host serotonin biosynthesis. In addition, they found that in germ-free mice, elevated luminal concentrations of specific microbial metabolites increased 5-HT in the colon and blood. The authors looked for the key metabolites in these processes, and identified certain ones - increased by the presence of spore-forming bacteria - that elevated 5-HT in EC cultures they suggested the occurrence of direct metabolic signaling from gut microbes to EC cells. In the gut microbiota of mice and humans, spore-forming bacteria promote 5-HT biosynthesis from EC cells, and microbiota-dependent effects on gut serotonin modulate gastrointestinal motility and other functions. Disinfection measures for inactivating spores require a special spectrum of activity. These spores, also referred to as endospores, are the dormant form of vegetative bacteria and are highly resistant to physical and chemical influences. 90% of the human body’s serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is produced by enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gut and is used for enteric functions.Ī paper in Cell by Yano and colleagues demonstrates that the microbiota play a vital role in regulating serotonin in the host. Some bacteria such as the Bacillus and Clostridium species are able to form spores.
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